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23 | Freedom of conscience
- Everyone has the right to freedom of conscience, which includes—
- freedom of thought, opinion, religion or belief;
- freedom to change their thought, opinion, religion or belief;
- freedom to practise and propagate and give expression to their thought, opinion, religion or belief, whether in public or in private and whether alone or together with others; and
- academic freedom in institutions of higher learning.
- No one may be compelled to take an oath that is contrary to their religion or belief or to take an oath in a manner that is contrary to their religion or belief.
- The State must respect the right of parents and guardians of children to ensure their children’s religious and moral education in conformity with their own convictions.
- Any religious community may ensure that religious instruction is given in educational courses or institutions provided by the community, even if the community or institution receives a subsidy or other financial assistance from the State.


















