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45 | Freedom of speech and expression
- Everyone has the right to freedom of speech and expression, which includes
- freedom to hold opinions;
- freedom to seek, receive and communicate ideas and information regardless of frontiers;
- freedom of the press and other media of communication;
- freedom of artistic creativity;
- freedom from interference with correspondence or other forms of communication, including electronic and telephonic communication; and
- academic freedom and freedom of scientific research.
- Freedom of speech and expression does not include–
- incitement to violence;
- advocacy of hatred which is based on nationality, race, colour, tribe, place of birth, ethnic or social origin, language, class, religious belief, culture, sex, gender, marital status, pregnancy, age, disability or natural difference or condition, and which amounts to incitement to unfair discrimination, hostility or violence.


















